Behold, now is the accepted time, behold, now is the day of salvation.
See the four "
Click here for a page on willingness, with references to "ratsa" and "ratson", the Hebrew words translated to English as "Acceptable", and "Own Will", "Pleasure", "Enjoy", "Favour", "Reconciled", "Pardoned", "Liked", "Affection", "Desire", "Accomplish", "Delight", "Approve", "Consented". See also — "rats-A" - run and "ratsad" - leap.
- Click here for their numeric values and early meanings
- Click here for the various scripts that developed from it: Greek and Latin and Cyrillic, Devanagari, and Arabic. Over in the far east Chinese Japanese and Korean on the other hand developed from an early, syllabic, cuneiform script.
- List of Patriarchs before 518. Speaking Greek.
- List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs 512–present. Speaking Syriac Aramaic. Split after Council of Chalcedon, declaring Christ had "one" divine/human nature. Based mostly in Mardin, 500kms to the east, just north of modern Iraq. Since 1959 based in Damascus.
Today's Membership 1.4 million.
Oriental Orthodox membership 60 million, chiefly in Egypt and Ethiopia. - List of Greek Orthodox Patriarchs 518–present. Speaking Biblical Greek and Arabic. After 611, the Patriarch was based in Constantinople. In 1342, the seat was transferred to Damascus.
Today's Membership 2½ million.
Eastern Orthodox Membership (Istanbul-Constantinople) 220 million, 50% in Russia. - List of Latin Patriarchs 1098–1964. The crusades following closures in 1054 of Latin churches in the
East-West Schism . After 1268 when Antioch fell with great bloodshed to Baibars, the sultan of Egypt, that followed an Armenian rebellion, the Latin Patriarchs ruled in name only.
Today's Roman Catholic membership 1.3 billion, 21% in Europe, 18% in Africa, 48% in the Americas (Brazil, Mexico and USA), 11% in Asia (Philippines). - List of Maronite Catholic Patriarchs 686–present speaking Syriac Aramaic and Arabic. Moved to Byblos in northern Lebanon. Reconciled with Rome in 1182. Today based in Bkerke, 16 kilometres north of Beirut.
Membership 3½ million. - List of Syriac Catholic Patriarchs 1662–present. Speaking Syriac Aramaic. Split with Syriac Orthodox Church seeking closer ties with Rome. Based in Beirut.
Membership 250,000. - List of Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchs 1724–present. Speaking Greek and Arabic. Split with Greek Orthodox Church in Damascus, seeking closer ties with Rome.
Membership 1½ million.
in Latin-erubesco (reddened, embarrassed), in Greek-aischros, ... (without strength, even obscene, filthy) cf ischuros (strength). So they covered themselves with aprons made from fig leaves. And in their independent actions, the knowledge of their nakedness / lack of covering brought fear, so they hid themselves.
- In the Old Testament, the Hebrew word for ask or require was "sha'al"
- from which is derived their word for "Saul", the king they kept asking for (also Paul's original name)
- Sheol, a place of justice, the afterlife, Hades-"unseen" in Greek (Hell), and in this extract from Britannica according to the noncanonical Book of Enoch, with four chambers: one chamber with a bright spring of water, where the righteous happily await the Day of Judgment; one in which the moderately moral can look forward to their own reward; one in which victims of murder wait for justice to be done; and one to impose immediate justice upon the wicked (the condemned)—which prefigured the Jewish idea of Gehenna-a place of fire
- Go to Cause, based on the word "Because", in Greek "charin" — a "favourable reason" for God's grace, or an occasion for Satan see
1 Tim 5:14 - Go to Willingness and Will,
2 Peter 3:9 God is not slow concerning his promise but long suffering toward us, not willing that any should perish, but that all should reach repentance ("change of nous")
Babylon — as revealed in Revelation 17 
- Ba'ar — Hebrew word for declared, engraved (on tablets), dig
- Related to Beer — Hebrew word for a dug well (of Water) Beersheba
- Bara — Hebrew word for Create
- Bar — Hebrew root word for Fat, Grain, Corn, Cut out, Field, Soap, Pure and Clean
- Berek — Hebrew word for Knee
- Barak — Kneel, Bless, Blood is on (Eulogy - Greek, Benediction - Latin, Bring praise word - English)
1 Cor 10:16-17 "The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not the communion distribution of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of Christ?"
- Briyth — Hebrew word for Covenant, Confederate, "Come together", "Convene"
- frequently associated with the verb Qum — raise up, establish, height
- Da — Aramaic word in Daniel for "This" corresponding to Hebrew Zeh
- Dabar — Hebrew word for Speech Talk or Thing, note in Hebrew the "b" in "Dabar" is pronounced as a "v". The last two letters "ar" famously became the base sound "uhhh" when saying something, in Greek "ereo", in Latin "oro, orator"-speaker
- Click here for "wer-" words air, worry, ward, asking questions as a child
- Click here for "tere-" "Turn" words, providing answers
Click here to read further thoughts on "Dabar" and "Amar" in Hebrew.
- Psalm 105:19 "Dabar" contrasts with "Amar / Imra" (in Greek "Logia") for God's intimate sayings and his testing of Joseph
- See too Psalm 138:2 You have magnified your word (Imra) above all your name
Lastly in Gen 22:15-16 ".. and said, By myself have I sworn, saith the LORD", "Ne’um" is used for the prophetic "saith" word.
Click here for a related article on "Ne’um".
The Greeks and Romans also associated it with the port city of Byblos in Lebanon, a historical center for the distribution of papyrus, called Gebal in Ezekiel 27:9.
Thus it found its way into English in such words as bibliography, bibliophile, and Bible. Click here to see its use in the New Testament.
- Answers in Genesis — A clear refutation of the "Late-Date" (JEDP) hypothesis
- Book of Numbers — further background.
Blaspheming, Railing at, Ridicule G987 G988 G989
Other uses in scripture
- Kataginosko note against, find fault with, blame, condemn
- Egkaleo G1458 called out, accused
- Momaomai, Momos G3470, G3469 Blame, Blemishes (White spots, Flush, Flame)
- Amomos G299 Blameless
- Memphomai, mempsimoiros G3201, G3202 Find fault, Complainers
- G3313 Mempsimoiros based on Meros Portion or Fate
- in Latin Vitium, Vitiate means Vice
- also noting that Fault in English is related to the words "Fail" also "Fool, Folly" based on Latin fallere ‘deceive’.
noting that the Hebrew word for body (as a physical being) was nephesh, generally translated as creature, person or soul
- Heart leb - seat of the mind, see commentary
- Kidneys kilya - reins, seat of deep emotion, see commentary
- Liver kabed from kabod - weight, grievous, rich, honour, glory see commentary
- Nose, Nostrils aph - anger, see commentary
Timeline
- Parchment and Papyrus (Pre flood)
- Wax Tablets using stone and boxwood (Moses and the Prophets)
- Codex Bound Pages of vellum (animal skin), papyrus or other materials in a single unit by the time of Julius Caesar and the New Testament
- Paper-making in China using a combination of milled plant and textile (cotton and linen) fibres after about 20AD
- Birch bark manuscripts in Afghanistan, North-west India, and Russia dating back to the 1st Century AD
- Palm-leaf manuscripts in India and south-east Asia making them out of dried palm leaves after 900AD
Bind them (strips of parchment) to your fingers and write them on the (soft) tablets of your heart Proverbs 7:3
The Romans adopted "universus" as its counterpart in Latin — "turned into one" — first used apparently by Cicero 106BC - 43BC in writing about Nature (space and time) "turned into one" entity.
As a side note, when pronouncing the word "Catholic" in other languages, the letter "h" is silent. Except in the original Greek where the "θ" character was written for the "th" sound, it is spelt "Kaθolikos" and pronounced similar to English. It is similar to the Greek word "Θeos" — meaning "God" — which became "Deus" in Latin.
with that favourable reason based on the judicial "cause" expressed in Ephesians 2:13-22 "But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far off have been brought near by the blood of Christ. For He Himself is our peace, who has made both (Jew and Gentile) one, and has broken down the middle wall of separation, having abolished in His flesh the enmity, that is, the law of commandments contained in ordinances, so as to create in Himself one new man…"
In Hebrew, various nouns were used
- Exodus 23:3 You shall not show favoritism to i.e. magnify the poor (empty) one in their Cause, their Conflict, balancing with
Exodus 23:6 Do not deny justice to the poor (needy) one in their Cause, their Conflict (rib). - 1 Samuel 17:29 And David said (with regard to Goliath's challenge) "Is there not a Cause, a Word (dabar)?
- 1 Chronicles 21:3 And Joab answered, The LORD (Jehovah) make his people an hundred times so many more as they be: but, my lord (Adonai) the king, are they not all my lord's servants? why then does my lord require this thing (tax census)? why will he be a Cause, a Becoming (haya) of trespass (shame) to Israel?
Cause (as a separate verb) in Biblical Hebrew did not exist, rather the scripture added the Hiphil stem to the applicable verb. And since the time of Christ, Hebrew has used the word "leeg-ROHM", a word in the Old Testament signifying "
In the New Testament in Biblical Greek, poieo, the word "to make or do" was used.
See Isaiah 40:22 and this quote from Aristotle "it is the sea which divides as it seems the parts beyond India (The Eastern or Pacific Ocean) from those beyond the Pillars of Hercules (The Rock of Gibraltar i.e. The Atlantic Ocean) and prevents the earth from being inhabited all round". Yes, he said it was round.
However the Heliocentric concept of it being a "revolving earth" that travelled around the sun found considerable difficulty countering the mainstream Geocentric concept of it being a "stationary earth" which the sun travelled around instead. This was the teaching developed by the aforementioned Aristotle (384BC-322BC), and also Ptolemy (100AD-170AD). Gradually after Copernicus the heliocentric idea of the earth being a part of the Solar System was accepted as a more scientific explanation, and it has been proved by the space flights of the past century.
- Note, on many levels Hammurabi's laws of penalties were harsh, if a man has stolen goods from a temple, or house, he shall be put to death, and he that has received the stolen property from him shall be put to death. With Moses's law, if the theft was not a big one, the thief simply paid back double.
- Secondly, Hammurabi's laws tended to protect the nobility and land-owners as privileged classes. The class of people "protected and favored" in the Torah are the widows, the orphans, the poor and the strangers.
- In Luke 5:10 the phrase to "catch men" is in Greek "zo-agreo" meaning to "save, spare, ie gather them alive" e.g. the cry of Rahab in
Joshua 2:12-13 in the Greek translation.Hebrew is Haya literally "come into being", closely related to Chay or "Life", and Chava or "Eva", Eve, mother of all living.
- Click here for the 8 times this word "zo-agreo" was used in the Greek Old Testament
- Note too the contrast with zo-agreo in
2 Timothy 2:25-26 - in meekness instructing those that oppose themselves that they may, perhaps, receive repentance and recover themselves out of the devil's snare having been "taken captive" by him at his will. - Click here for the Hebrew words "Heir", "Inheritance", "Possession" and "Dispossession/Poverty" in the Old Testament. The same word.
- Finally the Hebrew word for "net" normally inferring entanglement & judgment. The associated verb is lark-had "take" (as in a net).
See Paul's use of the word in Acts 23:1 "And Paul, earnestly beholding the (Jewish) council, said, Men and brothers, I have lived in all good conscience before God until this day". Later, before Governor Felix in Acts 24:16 "And herein do I exercise myself, to have always a conscience void of offence toward God, and toward men."
The modern Hebrew word for "conscience" and "compass" is מַצְפֵּן (mits-poon). When Hebrew created a word for the physical object called a "compass" – מַצְפֵּן , of the root צ.פ.נ (ts.p.n tsaphan) meaning both "north" (H6828) and "hidden" (H6845) – it employed the same root to create a term for the non-physical entity that guides people towards their destiny, whether good or bad. Used once in the Old Testament in Obadiah 1:6 for Esau's hidden treasure, see Matthew 12:35 Jesus words on (hidden) "treasure of the heart".
With the Old Testament, most modern translations use the
In accordance with Jesus words in
- With regards to Eve towards her man
Gen 3:16 To the woman (isha) he said, I will greatly multiply your grief and your conceiving, in grief you shall bring forth children, and your desire (running) shall be towards your man (iysh), and he shall rule over you (be your boss). - Speaking to Cain about sin
Gen 4:7 If you do well, shall you not be accepted (rise up, have dignity)? and if you do not well, sin lies (as an animal) at the door. And toward you shall be its desire (running), and you shall rule over him (be its boss). - Song of Songs speaking of her Beloved
Sng 7:10 I am my beloved's and his desire (running) is toward me.
- Related words Satan — the original Hebrew word meaning "the Enemy", employed by Jerome in the Latin Vulgate translation of the Bible in 300AD
- Revelation 20:2 And he laid hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which is the Devil, and Satan, and bound him a thousand years.
In this verse, the four words Dragon, Serpent, Devil and Satan are seen to be referring to the same being or person. The word dragon originates from the Greek "drakon" and the Latin "draco" referring to large constricting snakes. In the words "drakon"-dragon and "ophis"-serpent, the emphasis in the Greek language is on the snake's piercing glance. - Demon — written in circ. 1200, "an evil spirit" from Latin daemon and Greek daimōn referring to the lesser "gods" from root *da- "to divide to humans (lots, fortunes, destinies)". Used in Greek by Socrates, Plato and Aristotle when they refer to their individual "spirit guides". Translated once in English in the New Testament as "gods" in Acts 17:18 when the people of Athens spoke of Paul preaching about foreign "daimonions". Everywhere else in the New Testament referred to in the context of "evil (i.e. deceiving) spirits". On the modern Internet, spelt as "daemon" (often pronounced as "day-mons") when referring to unattended background processes that run on computer servers e.g. HTTP (web) daemons and Mail daemons.
In 1799, the Rosetta Stone was discovered in Egypt by Napoleon's troops. Dating to the time of Ptolemy V (ca 200BC) it was a trilingual decree issued by the priests to honour the pharaoh, noting that the Ptolemys (305BC - 30BC) were a Greek royal dynasty who were the final dynasty of Egyptian pharaohs. The decree was written in hieroglyphs, in Greek, and in Demotic. Demotic was a cursive script that added extra letters when the Coptic alphabet was created about 100 AD. The discovery of the Rosetta Stone proved to be a crucial link in unlocking the mysteries of Egyptian hieroglyphs, allowing the modern study of Egyptian language to begin.
A penny for your thought, All is well that ends well, An ill wind that blows no man any good, Beggars should be no choosers, Better late than never, Haste makes waste, I know on which side my bread is buttered, Look ere you leap, Love me, love my dog, No man ought to look a given horse in the mouth, One good turn asks another, Out of sight out of mind, Rome was not built in one day, The fat is in the fire, The more the merrier, This hits the nail on the head, Tread a worm on the tail and it must turn again, Two heads are better than one, What you have, hold, When he should get aught, each finger is a thumb, When the sun shines, make hay, Would you both eat your cake and have your cake?, You cannot see the wood for the trees.
Kitty I saw the people on that ship.
(nurse)
They're not dangerous. They're just poor, miserable people.
Why can't you let them go?
General You must understand that we British have shown, throughout our history...
Sutherland
...an extraordinary talent for troublesome commitments.
Palestine is a British mandate imposed upon us...
...by the League of Nations...
...which makes us responsible for keeping peace in the area.
The Arabs simply won't keep the peace if we allow further Jewish immigration.
Kitty I don't know much about the mandate.
But I do know the Jews were promised a homeland in Palestine.
General During the First World War,
Britain needed and accepted Jewish support...
...from all over the world.
In return...
...the Balfour Declaration of 1917 made such a promise.
That promise was reconfirmed during World War ll.
This chap Ben Canaan probably wasn't lying when he said he fought with us.
Thousands of Palestinians did.
Kitty How can you promise something and then not deliver it?
General England was fighting for her life in 1917.
Nations are very like people in such circumstances.
They make promises they're not immediately able to fulfill.
During that same crisis, we made the Arabs certain assurances.
Hence, they have their claims, too.
The Arabs are fanatics on the subject of Jewish immigration.
Just now, we need their goodwill.
Kitty -How is it ever going to end? -I don't know.
General
The whole question now is before the United Nations.
I hope they solve it.
The sooner I stop operating detention camps, the happier I'll be.
That goes for every British officer and soldier I know.
Paul is quoting the words of Isaiah 64:4-5 and he is specifically referring to men like Pontius Pilate, see 1Co 2:8, re the princes of this world, none of them could get the handle on this.
Earlier he said "I determined not to know any thing among you, save Jesus Christ, and him crucified. I was with you in weakness, fear, much trembling. My speech, my preaching was not with enticing words of man's wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power, that your faith should not stand in the wisdom of men, but in the power of God."
He follows it by saying "But God has revealed these things to us (that he has prepared) by his Spirit, for the Spirit searches all things, yea, the deep things of God." 1Co 2:10
In modern times there are many evangelists, women like .
...
"the admonishing of facts not (yet) being seen" for more on "substance", see Hebrews 1:3 with reference to God's Son
in Latin Substantia sperandorum
in Greek Hypostasis elpizomenon
(Present passive participle)
Latin Rerum argumentum non parentum
Greek Pragmaton elegchos (reproof) not blepomenon
His Son is the radiance of his glory, the character (i.e. stamped expression) of his substance, in Latin "figura substantiae", in Greek "charakter hypostaseos"
becoming "Feid" in French, "Faith" in English, related to "Photons" (phenomena, faeries), probably related to the French word "Feu", in English "Fire" originally based on the Greek word "Pyr", and possibly a close relative "Power", a word traditionally related to Indo-European "Poti", potency. The Potter. The Father
See too Pauvre Paul (Small), Sergius Paulus (Servant-Small), God's hand upon Elymas the Magi (Great one) for not ceasing (pausing) from his sin.
Acts 13:7-12 see too Isaiah 61:1.
Note that in Biblical Hebrew verbs do not have a "Future" tense per se, verbs are perfect (i.e. over and done with), present (as a participle), or imperfect (in some ways a mystery, yet to be worked out).
...
Extract from Hebrew "Vav/Waw" letter (Note: older, Biblical Hebrew did not have "tense" in a temporal sense, "perfect," and "imperfect" instead denoting aspect of completed or continuing action. Modern Hebrew verbal tenses have developed closer to their Indo-European counterparts, mostly having a temporal quality rather than denoting aspect. As a rule, Modern Hebrew does not use the "Vav Consecutive" form.)
Vav at the beginning of the word has several possible meanings:
As an actual name, Gad appears 70 times in the Old Testament
- seventh son of Jacob by Zilpah, Leah's handmaid, and full brother of Asher.
- the tribe descended from Gad
- a prophet during the time of David who appears to have joined David when in the hold and then reappears in connection with the punishment for taking a census. He also assisted in the arrangements for the musical service of the "house of God"
Seen in Genesis 12:2 when God tells Abraham he would make of him a great nation or "goy" גּוֹי
. Then, in Acts when Paul explained how God had told him to Go, for I will send you far away from here to the "goyim" גּוֹיִים , his inferred rejection of Israel and acceptance of "barbarians" brought a wild reaction from the listeners. Acts 22:21.
- Hebrew Old Testament
In Hebrew, the word "Kabod" translated in English as "Glory", literally means "Weight" or "Abundance". In the Greek Septuagint translation of Genesis 49:6, a reference to Jacob keeping his kabod ("his gloria") separate from Simeon and Levi's secret bad plans to trick the families at Shechem with circumcision, and execute them, the Greek word used was "(H)epatia" (fat) or "Liver" (lifer), the organ thought by the ancients to be the seat of the passions. Full of heavy weight. - Greek New Testament
In the Greek New Testament, the word for "Glory" is "Doxa", based on Dokeo (Doctors at work), in proto-West Germanic "þankijan" - "denken", i.e. "taking, thank, think, approve" whether accurately or inaccurately
- German New Testament
In the Gothic (early Germanic) New Testament, "wulþus" is used to translate Luke 2:9, the basis of Old English "wuld", becoming in modern English "would" and "will", "wealth" and "well-being". - Latin
In the Latin Vulgate translation of Genesis 31:1 which is a reference to Jacob taking (and getting) from the children's father Laban all his rich kabod (Hebrew) doxan (Greek), the Latin word used is "Inclitus" from "Clueor" — Kudos, Kleos. Wealth. Cattle. Capital. In French Latin, "Glorie" was associated with each one's experience (gnorimos/nous/knowledge) of fame and renown. One's science, one's secateurs i.e. one's "cut" in life.While "Clarare" in Latin and "Clarity" in Modern English, "Klarheit" in modern German — "Brightness". That was used in early translations of Luke 2:9, Acts 22:11, before becoming "Glory" in the Geneva Bible translation in 1560.
See Revelation 21:23, Revelation 22:5 in the New Jerusalem
And the city had no need of the sun, neither of the moon, to shine in it: for the doxa (doctors), the claritas (clarity) of God did lighten it, and the Lamb is the light thereof.Romans 8:29-30 Those whom He foreknew (of their love for God), He also pre-arranged to be conformed to the image of his son that He might be the firstborn among many brothers and sisters. Moreover whom He pre-arranged, these He also called; whom He called, these He also justified (made righteous, dextrous); and whom He justified, these He also glorified (doxazo, made into cutouts at work, shining ones, heavies in a good way).
See Hebrew alphabet re basic letter meanings. Hebrew words near by "Qadash"
- East (sunrise) QDM "m"-mene-"counting, mark" — antiquity, aforetime, met, confront H6923 qadam, H6917 qaduwm, H6924 qedem, H6926 qidmah, H6921 qadiym, H6925 qodam, H6927 qadmah, H6928 qadmah, H6930 qadmown, H6931 qadmowniy, H6933 qadmay. Rational.
- Burn (fever) QDH "h"-hay-"life (after death)" — H6919 qadach, H6920 qaddachath. Fire.
- Ashy, Sackcloth, Mourning (Kedar, Kidron) QDR "r"-rosh-"head (in heaviness, blackness)" — H6937 qadar, H6938 Qedar, H6939 Qidrown, H6940 qadruwth, H6941 qdoranniyth
- Head (bowed) QDD "d"-dalit-"doorway, back of a head and neck" — H6915 qadad, H6936 qodqod. Worship.
- Quasi-sacred Prostitute (devoted to destruction) QDS "s,sh"-shemesh-"sun" — H6945 qadesh (male) H6948 qdeshah (female). Passion.
- Statistics re Sex abnormalities in DNA
- Does Y chromosome change from generation to generation
- Q&A HIV/AIDS
The first use of the word "Hormones" in English was in 1905 by James Starling, a professor of physiology at University College in London, defining chemical messengers in the bloodstream. Much of the stimulus comes from the base of the brain and the pituitary gland.
- Click here for a related article on the Hypothalamus below the thalamus or "grey matter", the part of the brain that working with the pituitary gland helps manage your body temperature, blood pressure, hunger and thirst, sense of fulness when eating, mood, sex drive, and sleep
- Click here for further details on the four groups of hormones: Amino Acids, Peptides, Steroids, and a special fatty acid group known as Eicosanoids
Ass or donkey — Beasts of burden. Top speed about 24 kph. Ridden by Jesus when he entered Jerusalem.
Used to translate Greek "Stratia" (Encampment, Soldiers, Army) in Luke 2:13 (good army in Heaven) and Acts 7:42 (not good army in Heaven). Contrast too with the other English meaning of "Host" — based on "hospes" in Latin — showing hospitality to strangers or guests see Rom 16:23 and the innkeeper-host in Luk 10:35
- Genesis 1:26-27 Adam is made in the image of God. The Hebrew word is selem meaning a shade or shadow. In Numbers 33:52, the people of Israel are told to destroy all the cast metal "selem" throughout the land.
- Exodus 20:4-6 Do not make engraved images, nor worship them. The Hebrew word is pesel meaning carved from wood or stone.
- Genesis 31:19 Rachel stole her father's images. Hebrew word teraphim, derived from rapha, the Hebrew word to stitch, to heal.
- Exodus 23:24 Break down their images. The Hebrew word here is masseba, as used in Genesis 31:13 when Jacob anointed a "pillar" in Bethel (the house of God).
- Leviticus 26:30 An associated word is High Places. Hebrew word is bamah
- Timeline — India History
- Presidencies — Background to England's Presidents, Residents, and Governors in
India 1612 - 1947
Hebrews 13:8 The same yesterday, and to day, and for ever "eis aion" into eons
- Jews have historically used Hebrew patronymic names, following the first name by either ben- or bat- ("son of" / "daughter of", respectively). In Aramaic a son's first name would be followed by bar- ("son of") — see Jesus's famous words to Peter in Matthew 16:17, calling him Simon Bar-Jonah (son of Jonah).
- Permanent family surnames were established by Sephardic Jews in 10th or 11th century Iberia (Spain), and by Ashkenazi Jews in the late 18th century in Germany, Northern France, Eastern Europe and Russia when the law was passed requiring the adoption of permanent surnames. Similar laws were passed in other countries.
- Since 1948, many Jews who returned to Israel have chosen to Hebraize their surname in the process.
The idea of the logos in Greek thought harks back at least to the pre-Socratic philosopher Heraclitus, who discerned in the cosmic process a Logos analogous to the reasoning power in humans. The Greek Stoics defined the Logos as an active rational and spiritual principle that permeated all reality, calling it Providence, Nature, God and the Soul of the universe, with many seminal logoi that are contained in the universal Logos.
In the last book click here for the 12 verses (14 times) the name "Jesus" (the Logos of God) appears in Revelation.
Logos (Loyalty) and other derived English terms — Law, Love Life Left (weakness) and Lift, Lever
A related word "landlord" became a surname late 13c.
- In Hebrew the words are "*Helel Ben Sahar" meaning "Shining, Son of the Morning"
- In Greek the words are "Eosphoros, ho Proi Anatellon" meaning "Dawn-Bearer, the Early Rising"
- In Latin the words are "Lucifer, Qui Mane Oriebaris" meaning "*Light-Bearer, Who (in the) Morning did Arise"
*While the Vulgate translated "Helel" as "Lucifer" or "Light-Bearer", in Jerome's commentary he preferred the Latin word "Ulula" or "Wailing (one)" as used in Zechariah 11:2 and Ezekiel 21:12, where "Helel" was associated with the Hebrew verb "Yalal" meaning "Wail". See too "Yalal" meaning "wail" further along in the Isaiah chapter in Isaiah 14:31.
- "Mene Mene Tekel Upharsin" — Counting, Counted, Weighed, Divisions. A prophecy by Daniel over the "Writing on the Wall" drawn by a man's hand at the close of Babylon's Empire.
Note, the Persians do not appear to have given much importance to Darius the Mede who is recorded in the scriptures as taking the city. He appointed 120 satraps (protectors / governors) and made Daniel a chief emir or president. It could be Darius the Mede was an embarrassment in Persian history — after the event in the lions' den he gave major acknowledgement to Daniel and the God of Daniel and the Jews. Persian history was accordingly altered to fit the historians preferred view (similar to the removal in Egyptian history of all records of the Exodus).
Click here for its place in human history, that aligns with the scriptures.
- Click here for a full list of modern words derived from the ancient word "mene"
Summarized with Four Meanings
- Mind (Monitor)
- Projecting (Mountain, Amount)
- Remaining (Manor, Manse)
- Small, Isolated (Mono, Monopoly, Monocle, Monastery, Minute, Minus, Minor, Ministry, Menu)
- More Mn Words
- Mamona — Mammon, Big "Mama", Physical Wealth
- Measurement timeline commencing with Am-mah — Hebrew unit of measurement translated as "Cubit" (by the Romans), as "Mehi" (by Egyptians), and as "Ell" (by the Vikings and the Germans). It was about 46 cms (18 inches), or an "Elbow" length to the tip of the finger. The ancient cubit was said to be 56 cms (22 inches).
- Mona — in Arabic and Persian ("Moon" in old English)
- Money — from New Testament times
Mishnah also refers to the Second (or Oral) Law. It was codified by
- Early History — Ten Motor Car Photos from 1885-1927
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A related word "Individual" meaning a single human being, from Latin "individualis"-indivisible, came into use in English about 1640.
and the Greek word "Presbus" — "Pres" (Front) and "Bu" (ox) — (an Ox) leading the way. From which we also derive the word "Presbyterian", normally translated in English as Elder. In the Vulgate Bible the Latin word "Senior" was used, their word for an Elder or Older man.
Priest in Old Testament Hebrew (and translated in the Greek Septuagint as "Hiereus") is the word "Kohen" — Officer (of God), a title conferred on Melchizedek in early Jerusalem at the time of Abraham, Jethro in Midian at the time of Moses, and then on Aaron (Moses's older brother) and his descendants.
Priest in New Testament Greek is the word Hiereus from "Hieros" — Holy One — the one who points the way to connectedness or Wholeness (Holiness). In the Latin Vulgate the word "Sacerdos" was used, for the one who did Holy or Sacred Acts. See too Hierosolyma — Jerusalem, "Pointing the Way out to Peace" from the Hebrew words "Yara" and "Shalom". Also Hieron, the "Holy Temple" (contrasted with Hagion, the "Holy Place").
"High" Priest is Archiereus — Actions of Piety of Christ in Hebrews 5
The equivalent Hebrew word is Nabi (or Navi) click here for its use in the Old Testament and the plural noun in the Jewish religion is Neviim
Translated as Threskos in Greek (trembling) from throeo, trouble and tribulation (throeomai-wailing).
Noting James 1:26-27 Those who consider themselves religious and yet do not keep a tight rein on their tongues deceive themselves, and their religion is worthless. Religion that God our Father accepts as pure and faultless is this: to visit the fatherless and the widows in their affliction (i.e. trouble) and to keep oneself unspotted by the cosmos (world).
and Colossians 2:18 Do not let anyone who delights in self-abasement and religion (worship) of the angels disqualify you. Such a person also goes into great detail about what they have seen, they are puffed up for no reason by their fleshly mind.
in Greek "thusos" — smoke and fire
Closely related to the English word "Saint"
- Hebrew "Hasidic" H2623
Holy One, Saints, Merciful, Godly
Preserve my soul; for I am holy Psalm 86
Let your priests be clothed with righteousness; and let your saints H2623 shout for joy.
The good (man) H2623 is perished out of the earth Micah 7:2
In Hasidism, Jewish Hasidic thought drew heavily on "Kabbalah" H6901 sowing and reaping, or more literally "connections and consequences" and to an extent is a popularization of it.
By the 1860s in Eastern Europe a new type of "Rebbe-Rabbi" emerged, one who was both a completely traditional "halakhic" authority as well as spiritual.
Hebrew word "Halakha" - Walk H1980 (Used 500 times) also "Yalak" - Go H3212 (Used 1,043 times)
Following God's commandments "Tsava" H6680 (verb) Command
Bar Mitzvah Son of the commandment "Mits-vah" "Mits-vot" H4687 (noun)Click here for more
- Greek "Hosios" G3741
- and of course Latin "Sanctus" later in English "Sanctions" meaning set apart as "approved" or "disapproved"
- and the Faces of the Four Living Creatures in Revelation 4, Ezekiel 1:10, and Ezekiel 10:14
- and the layout of the tribes in Numbers 2 to the East, South, West, and North.
The first spirit is the Spirit of Jehovah (God) followed by three couplets representing the Future (Wisdom and Understanding), the Present (Counsel and Might), the Past (Knowledge and of Fear of the Lord).
- In Zechariah 6, Zechariah sees Four Spirits of the Heavens, on horses having similar colours to the Four Horsemen in Revelation 6.
Click here for further thoughts on the Four Seals Table.
- Sins (not doing what I should) — Chata in Hebrew and Hamartia in Greek. Meaning "to miss the mark", with its additional meaning of a "Sin offering".
- Trespasses (the mirror image, or doing what I should not) — Asham in Hebrew and Paraptoma in Greek. Meaning "have a side-slip", "commit an offence", or "fall away". The French word "Trespasser" meaning to Pass across or Enter (a place) unlawfully, was first attested in forest laws of Scottish Parliament c. 1455.
Click here for further background to the Hebrew word "asham", with its additional meanings of "Guilt offering".Note, the etymology of the English word "Ashamed" is thought by many to be derived from an ancient word "skem" or "kem" meaning "covering". With the Hebrew word "asham" also requiring "physical covering" in Genesis 3:7 and Genesis 3:21, the link between the words is too obvious to be simply a coincidence. See too these variations on "shame" aischun in the Biblical Greek in the New Testament. Today the word is pronounced as "aischos" (ay-skos) in Modern Greek.
- Debts (owing and being owed) — from the root word Opheilo in Greek, as used in the Lord's Prayer, forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors. Regarding the word "debts" in Matthew 6:12 becoming "trespasses" in
Matthew 6:14-15 (in Hebrew "asham", in English "sham" and probably "scam") Jesus's accompanying statement shows the words meant the same.
- Israelis use the Hebrew term "beyt knesset" meaning "house of assembly". with the term "kenesa" also used, derived from old Aramaic.
- Ashkenazi Jews have traditionally used the Yiddish term "shul" (cognate with the German Schule, 'school') in everyday speech, originally a Greek word.
- Some Reform Jews use the word "temple", originally a Latin word, in Hebrew "
ha-kal ", probably based onya-kol , "having the capacity".
The Greek word synagogue is used in English to cover all of the preceding possibilities.
- Note, according to Papias in 120AD, Mark, Peter's interpreter, "took especial care not to omit anything he'd heard, and not to put anything fictitious into the statements". So, while Griesbach considered Mark to have been written last, a somewhat minimalist précis of Matthew and Luke, Peter was held in great awe, bestowing the Holy Spirit.
Gottlob Storr in 1786 declared Mark was written first, in opposition. - Jerome in 382AD "Matthew did first of all compose a Gospel of Christ in Judaea in the Hebrew dialect for the benefit of those of the circumcision who had believed. Who translated it after that in Greek is not sufficiently ascertained." That accounts for the extra Q source statements in Matthew.
- Whether Matthew in Greek preceded or followed Luke's gospel is irrelevant. While some of the recorded facts have differences in perception based on memory recollection, there is no inaccuracy, and the three gospels were very keen to copy exactly the same Greek phrase found in the other wherever possible. Give the Holy Spirit full room to move.
- What was the significance of the temple veil
- Stanford "Codebook" – Income Tax in countries worldwide (1800 - 2010) published 2016.
- Terra is the Latin word for land (in general)
- Territorium is more specifically, the Latin word for the land around (or sometimes within) the boundaries of a town i.e. its territory
- In 1888 "Territorium Nullius" - nobody's territory - was first used as a Latin expression at the Berlin conference in Germany in reference to unclaimed territory around settlements in Africa
- In 1909 "Terra Nullius" - nobody's land - referred to an unclaimed polar region known as Svalbard by Camille Piccioni. Today polar regions are the subject of ongoing disputes by Russia, Canada, Denmark and Norway
- In 1992 "Terra Nullius" became a straw man argument made by Eddie Mabo's lawyers with specific reference to the Torres Straits Islands, claiming that the Queensland Government in 1971 had used the context of "Crown Land" to infer a prior "Terra Nullius" or "Nobody's Land" situation was applicable when James Cook made that declaration in 1770 at Cape York "claiming the territory of New South Wales in the name of the British Crown". But the land was occupied.
So as a "straw man" argument in 1992, it could immediately be demolished by lawyers.
However, back in 1770 the British Empire, the French Empire, the German Empire, the Ottoman Empire, etc were major world-wide institutions. The British Government knew that the occupants of the land were entitled to Common law rights, and that Cook's declaration would inevitably involve granting them their rights. The situation then was more complicated than a Polar region "Terra Nullius"
- 1 Corinthians 8:6 To us there is one God (Deus), the Father, out of whom (ex) are all things, and we (are made) for him; and one Lord (Dominus) Jesus Christ, through whom (dia) are all things, and we through him.
- Ephesians 2:18 For through Jesus we both Jews and Gentiles have access in one Spirit to the Father.
- 1 John 5:7 For there are three that bear testimony in heaven, the Father, the Word (Logos), and the Holy Spirit, and these three are one.
Suddenly Artoo begins to whistle and beep a blue streak.
Luke goes over to him.
LUKE
What is it?
THREEPIO
I'm afraid I'm not quite sure, sir.
He says "I found her", and keeps
repeating, "She's here."
LUKE
Well, who... who has he found?
Artoo whistles a frantic reply.
THREEPIO
Princess Leia.
LUKE
The princess? She's here?
HAN
Princess? What's going on?
THREEPIO
Level five. Detention block A A-twenty-
three. I'm afraid she's scheduled to
be terminated.
LUKE
Oh, no! We've got to do something.
HAN
What are you talking about?
LUKE
The droid belongs to her. She's the
one in the message... We've got to
help her.
HAN
Now, look, don't get any funny ideas.
The old man wants us to wait right
here.
LUKE
But he didn't know she was here.
Look, will you just find a way back
into the detention block?
HAN
I'm not going anywhere.
LUKE
They're going to execute her. Look,
a few minutes ago you said you didn't
want to just wait here to be captured.
Now all you want to do is stay.
HAN
Marching into the detention area is
not what I had in mind.
LUKE
But they're going to kill her!
HAN
Better her than me...
LUKE
She's rich.
Chewbacca growls.
HAN
Rich?
LUKE
Yes. Rich, powerful! Listen, if you
were to rescue her, the reward would
be...
HAN
What?
LUKE
Well more wealth that you can imagine.
HAN
I don't know, I can imagine quite a
bit!
LUKE
You'll get it!
HAN
I better!
LUKE
You will...
HAN
All right, kid. But you'd better be
right about this.
Han looks at Chewie, who grunts a short grunt.
LUKE
All right.
HAN
What's your plan?
LUKE
Uh... Threepio, hand me those binders
there will you?
Luke moves toward Chewbacca with electronic cuffs.
LUKE
Okay. Now, I'm going to put these on
you.
Chewie lets out a hideous growl.
LUKE
Okay. Han, you put these on.
Luke sheepishly hands the binders to Han.
HAN
Don't worry, Chewie. I think I know
what he has in mind.
The Wookiee has a worried and frightened look on his face as
Han binds him with the electronic cuffs.
THREEPIO
Master Luke, sir! Pardon me for
asking... but, ah... what should
Artoo and I do if we're discovered
here?
LUKE
Lock the door!
HAN
And hope they don't have blasters.
THREEPIO
That isn't very reassuring.
…
Click here for the entire script. Use Ctrl-F to find specific lines
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"There is no other Lord of the church but the Lord Jesus Christ.
Nor can the pope of Rome in any sense be head thereof, but is that Antichrist, man of sin, son of perdition (ruin), that exalts himself in the church against Christ and all that is called God."
And thus since 1701, all British monarchs have been required to be in communion with the Church of England (and not with the Church of Rome). However, Prince Charles, who has made comments about being "Defender of faiths" rather than "faith" has seen a new change in 2015, in which spouses of Roman Catholics are now eligible to become monarch.
Click here for further thoughts, contrasting Hebrew thought with Chinese thought.