Although Google's statistics show penetration of IPv6 is increasing with the USA currently on 50%, there is still high use of IPv4 addresses worldwide. China's figures show just 5% are using IPv6, well, they do have 350 million IPv4 numbers available to their network.
In other countries in the Asia Pacific region, Australia's current IPv6 usage is 30%, Japan is at 52%, and India is 72%. Click here to see these stats. Click here to see your IPv6 & IPv4 address.

* Examples of Top Level Domain Registries: .com=160million (administered by Verisign), .cn=20million (China), .de=17million (Germany), .net=13million (also admin by Verisign), .uk=11million, .org=10million, .nl=6million (Netherlands), .ru=5.8million, .br=5million (Brussels), .au=4.2million, .fr=4.1million, .xyz=3.88million (Generic British-based) .eu=3.7million, .it=3.5million

Note, the latest Domain Name Industry Brief says that 2022 ended with 350 million registrations across all TLDs, substantially fewer than the 367.3 million it reported at the end of the third quarter in 2021. Verisign no longer counts the six Pacific and African ccTLDs managed by Freenom, notably .tk, which had contributed 24.7 million names to the Q3 2021 tally.
The report says: "the .tk, .cf, .ga, .gq and .ml ccTLDs have been excluded from all applicable calculations, due to an unexplained change in estimates for the .tk zone size and lack of verification from the registry operator for these TLDs."

https://www.swcs.com.au /smartantennas.htm

Recent email sent re the Internet in Australia June 19, 2014

Great seeing John, Tim, and Dave at Maccas after prayer and fellowship with Kingsley at the Church.

Guys, I’ve just updated my standard web page for smartphones (as well as PCs), very fast link, click on Christian Books and Media, and it’ll take you straight to an “etymologies” link, alphabetically sorted. Click on the image file below, you’ll see what I mean. Just added that work I spent “hours” on earlier this week on “book of judges” and “jubilee years”.

No video advertisements, hopefully fast response even on mobile coverage.

Talking about smartphones and mobile coverage outside Brisbane/Sydney/Melbourne/Perth, further to John and Tim’s comments at Maccas, Whirlpool have a chat-page on this that has been running for two-three years. I looked through it, it’s long, but it has some good background.

The big issue with the Internet of course is there is no centralised network, if a packet of your data file, say 1500 bytes, isn’t acknowledged within say, one second, uploading or downloading over TCP/IP, the packet is simply resent at set intervals until it either gets through or you give up. With multi-megabyte image files, advertisements, movies, and hundreds of mobile users trying to grasp some small slice of radio spectrum on the same base station, you get noise db problems, and continual automatic resending, and it just compounds the issue. Hmmm, yes, poor Telstra.

With ADSL, at least you get a dedicated line as an individual user, though the telephone line quality at times is poor. Television coax cable is of course the best, it has 1000 times the spectrum of telephone cable, you may be sharing the spectrum with up to 200 other users simultaneously, but generally it’s pretty fast and good.

But getting back to that article above — it started in 2011 with a fair few queries/complaints, it’s a long article and still going, it hit a bit of a climax mid-last year with Telstra’s new, portable, smart antennas (boosting signals inside buildings) — you can pay them off at a good monthly rate. See the comments by bransby1 in this extract from the page.

Smartantenna2.htm

lisa1983.htm

APPLES Lisa and Mac, Steve Jobs's NeXT computer and HTML, 25 years on

Extract from an email to friends sent July 10, 2014

I do deeply remember back in 1983-1984, the Apple Lisa / Macintosh debacle, especially with NASA, no, they were not impressed after all the investment / infrastructure that they put in place with the Lisa. I imagine a few heads rolled. Here’s the article in Wikipedia.

https://en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Apple_Lisa#Reception

I often wonder if Apple management got a bit shirty with Steve Jobs, with what they must have copped from NASA, with the much cheaper Macintosh coming out a year later, and using different software. Because he left in 1985, then brought out the NeXT computer, which then became the computer used when Tim Berners-Lee developed HTML1 at CERN in Geneva in 1989. A language that not only "wrote" pages, but could also "read back" your queries, providing a simple search mechanism. Click here re HTML's launch in the US in 1991-92 — on another NeXT computer — and how it then "took off".

The thing about the HTML rules that are in its markup language, they’re completely free to learn, they’re very, very simple (I think), you don’t need to buy Adobe Acrobat to set out the document like you generally do if generating a PDF, you can use Notepad, it’s fine and it’s free, and importantly, every browser on the market supports all the main markup rules that came out in HTML1 through to HTML5. Twenty-five years later.

Some of the older versions of current browsers (pre 2010) only support the rules up to HTML4 ( which came out in 1997).

HTML5, yes, is discouraging the use of certain "internal" table markup rules, recommending new "external" stylesheet rules instead, due to the limited width in screen space on smartphones.

But the literally billions of web pages, so many electronic documents, out there being picked up by Google, no browser is currently not endeavouring to do the best it can on smartphones with those tables, because some of those documents may be pretty valuable to look at, and may not be, may never be changed.

Interesting. Steve

https://www.swcs.com.au /GoogleApps.htm

Google Apps vs Office 365 email sent August 22, 2014

Hi Chris

Had a quick, hopefully objective, look at a comparison between using Google Apps and using Microsoft Office 365 for your networking needs (noting always that Australia can be a bit slow when it comes to uploading data).

But yes, $5 per month per office user, gives you a pretty cheap network for you to log into, anywhere in the world.

And if you use Gmail collaboratively, and not MS Outlook, for your email and calendar needs, you do get those ads, yuk, yuk, but you save a fair bit of money each month.

Blessings Steve

http://stylefactoryproductions.com /blog/office-365-vs-google-apps

** End of email

https://www.swcs.com.au /PHPandHTML.htm

And PHP and HTML — an endeavour to briefly explain the difference email sent August 23, 2014

Hi Chris

Firstly HTML

Webpage files on your smartphone, tablet, desktop come down as “hypertext”, with markup commands / instructions for the browser (Android, Google Chrome, Apple Safari, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Netscape — these are all browser programs written by different companies) and they are all free programs that run under the hardware’s operating system.

The webpage files tell the browser program how to markup, layout the page using graphic images, background colours, text, and importantly, hypertext, it’s called that because it references (“hyperlinks”) to other text, which the browser can immediately access, through standard rules in the language.

This markup language, HTML, is universal, it has to be, else the different browsers would get the file / files and wouldn't know what to do with them

Now PHP

The second two letters of PHP stand for “Hypertext Preprocessor”. It’s a free language that runs on servers. Because it’s free, it is very popular out there.

If you’re a business, then you’re paying for a server to host your webpages, and paying for IT people to program, not only the HTML that’s going to be downloaded, but also the pre-processing that’ll need to occur whenever you need to finetune what the customer has requested.

If they’ve requested their account statement, it needs to look up those figures on an SQL database. If they’ve requested the status of their order, it’s had to look up that status. etc, etc. So yes, there are many, many more commands available to run on the server, and that can be, yes, more complex, more labour-intensive in the programming, debugging (and ultimately can be pretty expensive). But to get the job done, that’s what you'll need.

Trust that’s a little clearer. Cheers Steve

** End of email

https://www.swcs.com.au /basicHTML.htm

Basic HTML Commands

Hyper Text Markup Language

Firstly a brief background

• Tim Berners-Lee designed this language and wrote the first web browser (in Geneva) at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics in 1989. However, for graphics support it only ran on Steve Jobs's NeXT computers. A free version of this browser, known as Mosaic, was made available to university colleges everywhere in 1993. It ran on Windows, Apple and Unix. As numerous "web" sites formed on the Internet, Marc Andreesen added the graphical <IMG> image tag to his Netscape browser and released it in 1994. With support for both ISO's .JPG format, plus Compuserve's .GIF format, people everywhere referred to it as supporting HTML2.
• In 1995, a worldwide committee under the auspices of Tim Berners-Lee released the HTML3 standard with support for graphical "stylesheets". This was supported not only by Netscape, but also the new Internet Explorer (a version of Mosaic) that was licensed by Microsoft to run in Windows 95.
• In 1997 the HTML4 standard was released with an internal specialist programming language (known as Javascript) and also the <object> tag which provided support for audio and video downloads. This has become the prevailing standard on literally billions of web pages — and supported by all browsers. Since 2011 however, a new standard HTML5 has been made available to support high quality graphics and movies, especially on smartphones, without the need to download Adobe Flash. Supported by all the newer browsers.

  Click here for an iOS resolution reference for the various iPhone and iPad sizes.

The commonly used HTML tags referred to below are those applicable to HTML4. Click here to "dive" into HTML5.

HTML Tags

The first thing to remember about HTML tags is that most of them are used in pairs, ie., they have an opening and closing tag. Whenever you use a tag - say <span> - you must also close it off with another tag - in this case, </span>. Note the slash - / - before the word "span"; is what distinguishes a closing tag from an opening tag. A few of the HTML tags (br p li image hr) do not need a closing tag. All HTML commands are enclosed in <> braces. These <> brace sequences are what the Internet browser uses in determining how a page should be displayed.

All special HTML character entities and foreign characters are enclosed in & ; braces e.g. &lt; will display the < character.

Use of colour in the HTML commands. In the HTML tags listed, items shown in green are HTML command tags. Items in blue then illustrate actual HTML coding with the results of that coding shown immediately after it. Note, HTML command tags may be entered in either upper or lower case (or a combination of upper and lower case).

Text Tags center, h1 - h6, bold, italics, font, span, pre, tt, cite, br

Links a   using http & mailto

Formatting Blocks div, p, blockquote, ol, ul, li

Graphical Elements img, hr

Tables table, tr, td

Click here for more information on these commands.

Text Tags    Return to Top of Menu

<center></center> Centers a portion of text <center>This text is centered</center> This text is centered

<hl></hl> (h and the number one) Creates the largest headline <hl>Biggest Heading</hl> Biggest Heading Please note HTML tags can be combined. In this next example the center and the h1 tags are combined. Also, note that the closing HTML tags must be in the opposite order (work from inside out). <center><hl>Biggest Heading Centered</hl></center> Biggest Heading Centered

<h2></h2> (h and the number two) Creates the next biggest headline. Heading Numbers range from 1 to 6. One is the largest and six is the smallest. <h2>Next Biggest Heading</h2> Next Biggest Heading

<h6></h6> (h and the number six) Creates the smallest headline <h6>Smallest Heading</h6> Smallest Heading

<b></b> Creates bold text <b>Bold Print</b> Bold Print

<i></i> Creates italic text <i>Italic Print</i> Italic Print

<font size=?></font> Sets size of font, from 1 to 7. <font size="3">Example of size 3</font> Example of size 3 font

<span></span> Alternative span command that changes Font size and, optionally, Font family <span style='font-size:16pt;font-family:Arial'>This is an example of a span that changes the font size to 16pt and the font family to Arial.</span> This is an example of a span that changes the font size to 16pt and the font family to Arial.

<font color=?></font> Sets font color, using name or hex value. Note that the color and size tags may be set into the same command. <font color="red" size="2">Red text size equal 2</font> Red text size equal 2 <font color="#ff0000" size="2">Same using hex color codes</font> Same using hex color codes Note: Good site for HTML Color Codes.

<pre></pre> Preformatted text - the text is displayed the same way it is typed. Sometimes this is used to get text to align in columns. However, the table command (below) is a much better command to use to align text in columns. <pre> This is an example of the pre command. When you use this command type the text exactly as you wish it to appear. Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 item1 item2 item3 item4 item5 item6 </pre>

<tt></tt> Creates teletype, or typewriter-style text <tt>This is an example of teletype text.</tt> This is an example of teletype text.

<cite></cite> Creates a citation, usually italic <cite>This is an example of a citation.</cite> This is an example of a citation.

<br> Inserts a line break (line feed).

Links    Return to Top of Menu

<a href="URL"></a> Creates a hyperlink. The URL can be either of two formats. First format: If the link is to a page external to your web site then the link must be preceded by http://. For example http://www.yahoo.com.   Second Format: If you were linking to a page hosted at your own domain (i.e. on your own website), the http://www.yourdomain.com portion of the URL could be omitted. For example if the URL was http://www.yourdomain.com /example/images/mylink.htm, where yourdomain.com was your own website you could reference it as /example/images/mylink.htm. A link to <a href="http://www.google.com"> google.com</a>. A link to google.com.

<a href="mailto:EMAIL"></a> Creates a mailto link Send an email to <a href="mailto:steve@swcs.com.au"> steve@swcs.com.au</a>. Send an email to steve@swcs.com.au.

Formatting Blocks    Return to Top of Menu

<div> Creates a new division

<p> Creates a new paragraph. Inserts an extra line feed prior to the beginning of the text.

<p align=?> Aligns a paragraph to the left, right, or center

<blockquote> </blockquote> Indents text from both sides <blockquote>This is an example of a blockquote.</blockquote> This is an example of a blockquote.

<ol></ol> Creates a numbered list

<ul></ul> Creates a bulleted list

<li> Precedes each list item, and adds a number Numbered list. <ol> <li>Line 1. <li>Line 2. <li>Line 3. </ol> Line 1. Line 2. Line 3. Bulleted list. <ul> <li>Item 1. <li>Item 2. <li>Item 3. </ul> Item 1. Item 2. Item 3.

Graphical Elements    Return to Top of Menu

<img src="URL"> Adds an image. Please note the URL is the same format as described in the <a href="URL"> command above.

<img src="URL" align=?> Aligns an image: left, right, center; bottom, top, middle

<img src="URL" height=? width=?> Aligns an image with the height and width set. Setting the height and width of the image allows the browser to load the page fractionally quicker and without "jiggling" the page since it knows beforehand how much space to allocate to the image.

<img src="URL" border=?> Sets size of border around an image Insert the swcs logo and have it left aligned with no border and with height and width set. Note: The align, height, width, and border tags are optional. <img src="https://www.swcs.com.au /swcslogo.gif" height="54" width="65" align="left" border="0">

<hr> Inserts a horizontal rule

<hr size=?> Sets size (height) of rule

<hr width=?> Sets width of rule, in percentage or absolute value

<hr noshade> Creates a rule without a shadow Insert an unshaded ruler of height 4 and width 300. <hr size="4" noshade width="300">

Tables    Return to Top of Menu

<table></table> Creates a table

<tr></tr> Sets off each row in a table

<td></td> Sets off each cell in a row

<th></th> Sets off the table header (a normal cell with bold, centered text)

Table Attributes

<table border=#> Sets width of border around table cells

<table cellspacing=#> Sets amount of space between table cells

<table cellpadding=#> Sets amount of space between a cell's border and its contents

<table width=# or %> Sets width of table — in pixels or as a percentage of document width

<tr align=?> or <td align=?> Sets alignment for cell(s) (left, center, or right)

<tr valign=?> or <td valign=?> Sets vertical alignment for cell(s) (top, middle, or bottom)

<td width=# or %> Sets width of cell — in pixels or as a percentage of table width

<td colspan=#> Sets number of columns a cell should span (default=1)

<td rowspan=#> Sets number of rows a cell should span (default=1)

<td nowrap> Prevents the lines within a cell from being broken to fit

Three further notes re styles in Heading layouts

• Firstly, the style in the heading layout for this page was set out as follows:

  <html>
  <head>
  <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>Basic HTML Commands</title>
  <style>
  p, br, td, li{font-size:20.0px;font-family:"Arial";}
  a:link {color: purple;}

  </style>
  </head>
  <body>
  .
  .
  <p id="MenuTop">
  .
  .
  .
  

   

• Normally, HTML pages "wrap" lines and remove any additional "whitespace" within the window, unless specifically told not to (e.g. via the use of the <pre> command).
  If you copy and paste from another document, and want to retain its spacing layout via the use of this <pre> command, but also the convenience of "wrapping" all the text inside the window area, add the following "wrap" command to the heading:

  <style>
  pre {
  white-space: pre-wrap; /* css-3 */
  white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; /* Mozilla, since 1999 */
  white-space: -pre-wrap; /* Opera 4-6 */
  white-space: -o-pre-wrap; /* Opera 7 */
  word-wrap: break-word; /* Internet Explorer 5.5+ */
  }
  </style>
  

   

• If you wish to retain a set layout for a web page e.g. a news bulletin with tables and "no wrapping", and irrespective of whether the page is being read on a smartphone, a tablet, a desktop, or even a television, you will probably want to increase the font size automatically, basing that decision on the width of the client window. Click here for some ideas on how to achieve that.

With all due appreciation to InfoSports which provided much of the background to this page

** End of article

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